Issoria lathonia – Queen of Spain Fritillary in the Himalayas

The Issoria lathonia, or Queen of Spain Fritillary, is a spectacular butterfly species known for its striking appearance. Found in various regions such as Europe, North Africa, and parts of Central Asia, this butterfly is also native to the Great Himalayan National Park (GHNP), where it thrives in alpine meadows and forest clearings. The butterfly’s upper wings are a deep orange, with black spots that contrast against its bright silver-spotted underside. This unique color pattern makes it an easily recognizable species in its natural habitat.

Issoria lathonia is commonly found in habitats that feature an abundance of wildflowers, which provide nectar. The larvae feed on violets (Viola species), which are essential for their development. These butterflies are particularly common in open areas like rocky slopes and sunny forest edges, where they can bask in the warmth of the sun.

In addition to their stunning beauty, Issoria lathonia plays an important role in the ecosystem, particularly in pollination. The species helps maintain plant diversity by transferring pollen from flower to flower, supporting the growth of other plant species in GHNP.

Preserving the habitat of Issoria lathonia is crucial, as it serves as an indicator of ecological health. Changes in its population can signal shifts in environmental conditions, such as the effects of climate change. For this reason, ongoing conservation efforts in regions like GHNP are vital to protecting both the butterfly and its ecosystem.

For those interested in learning more about the rich biodiversity of the region, check out our in-depth guides on the fauna of GHNP and the Red Pierrot Butterfly.